Countries

Mongolia

Citation Formats

General Reference

Geography Atlas. "Mongolia." Accessed August 30, 2026. https://dev-geography.interactiveatlas.org/countries/mongolia.

APA Style

Geography Atlas. (n.d.). Mongolia. Retrieved August 30, 2026, from https://dev-geography.interactiveatlas.org/countries/mongolia

BibTeX

@misc{geographyatlas-mongolia,
  author = {Geography Atlas},
  title = {Mongolia},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://dev-geography.interactiveatlas.org/countries/mongolia},
  note = {Accessed August 30, 2026}
}

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Its terrain ranges from the Gobi Desert in the south to cold, mountainous regions in the north and west, part of the wider Mongolian Plateau. Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire here in 1206, which became the largest contiguous land empire in world history; the country later declared autonomy from the collapsing Qing dynasty in 1911, achieved full independence from China in 1921, and became the Mongolian People's Republic in 1924.

Facts

Capital

Ulaanbaatar 1

Population

3,591,120 1

Population Estimate Year

2025 1

Area (sq km)

1,564,116 1

Independence or Founding Year

1921 1

Mongolia declared autonomy from the Qing dynasty on 29 December 1911, but remained under nominal Chinese suzerainty; actual separation from China was achieved in 1921, and the Mongolian People's Republic was proclaimed in 1924. 1921 is recorded here as the year genuine independence took effect.

Cross-Tradition Connections